Music Advocacy Facts

Fact pointer

An analysis of 98 existing studies found that nonmusical rewards (i.e., candy, juice, stories, praise, etc.), were not as effective as musical rewards. Contingent music (i.e., music used as a reward for a desired behavior) was found to be significantly more effective (by approximately two standard deviations) than nonmusical contingencies.

From: "A Meta-Analysis on the Effects of Music as Reinforcement for Education/Therapy Objectives," Journal of Research in Music Education 1996, 44(2), 105-133

Available here: The Arts Education Partnership - Critical Links: Learning in the Arts and Student Academic and Social Development

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